Teuchos_CommHelpers.hpp

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// @HEADER
// ***********************************************************************
//
//                    Teuchos: Common Tools Package
//                 Copyright (2004) Sandia Corporation
//
// Under terms of Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000, there is a non-exclusive
// license for use of this work by or on behalf of the U.S. Government.
//
// This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
// published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
// License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
// WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
// Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
// License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307
// USA
// Questions? Contact Michael A. Heroux (maherou@sandia.gov)
//
// ***********************************************************************
// @HEADER

#ifndef TEUCHOS_COMM_HELPERS_HPP
#define TEUCHOS_COMM_HELPERS_HPP

#include "Teuchos_Comm.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_CommUtilities.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_SerializationTraitsHelpers.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_ReductionOpHelpers.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_SerializerHelpers.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_ScalarTraits.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_OrdinalTraits.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_Array.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_TypeNameTraits.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_Workspace.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_as.hpp"


namespace Teuchos {


//
// Teuchos::Comm Helper Functions
//

enum EReductionType {
  REDUCE_SUM, 
  REDUCE_MIN, 
  REDUCE_MAX, 
  REDUCE_AND 
};

inline
const char* toString( const EReductionType reductType )
{
  switch(reductType) {
    case REDUCE_SUM: return "REDUCE_SUM";
    case REDUCE_MIN: return "REDUCE_MIN";
    case REDUCE_MAX: return "REDUCE_MAX";
    case REDUCE_AND: return "REDUCE_AND";
    default: TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true);
  }
  return 0; // Will never be called
}

template<typename Ordinal>
int rank(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal>
int size(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal>
void barrier(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank,
  const Ordinal count, Packet buffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank,
  const ArrayView<Packet> &buffer
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, Packet *object
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, const Ptr<Packet> &object
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const buffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const ArrayView<const Ptr<Packet> > &buffer
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet*const sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet*const recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &globalReduct
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
TEUCHOS_DEPRECATED void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, Packet *globalReduct
  )
{
  reduceAll<Ordinal,Packet>(comm, reductType, send, ptr(globalReduct));
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAllAndScatter(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[] ,
  const Ordinal recvCounts[], Packet myGlobalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAllAndScatter(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[] ,
  const Ordinal recvCounts[], Packet myGlobalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAllAndScatter(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet*const sendBuffer[] ,
  const Ordinal recvCounts[], Packet*const myGlobalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &scanReduct
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
TEUCHOS_DEPRECATED void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, Packet *scanReduct
  )
{
  scan(comm, reductType, send, ptr(scanReduct));
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send, const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet recvBuffer[] 
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, Packet *recv 
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const recvBuffer[] 
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send,
  const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest> isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  );


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest> isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<const Packet> &send,
  const int destRank
  );


// 2008/07/29: rabartl: ToDo: Add reference semantics version of isend!


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest> ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
  const int sourceRank
  );


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest> ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<Packet> &recv,
  const int sourceRank
  );


// 2008/07/29: rabartl: ToDo: Add reference semantics version of ireceive!


template<typename Ordinal>
void waitAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<RCP<CommRequest> > &requests
  );

template<typename Ordinal>
void wait(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ptr<RCP<CommRequest> > &request
  );


//
// Standard reduction subclasses for objects that use value semantics
//


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class SumValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class MinValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class MaxValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class ANDValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Implementation details (not for geneal users to mess with)


//
// ReductionOp Utilities
//


namespace MixMaxUtilities {


template<bool isComparable, typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Min {};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Min<true,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void min(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    )
    {
      for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        inoutBuffer[i] = TEUCHOS_MIN(inoutBuffer[i],inBuffer[i]);
    }
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Min<false,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void min(
    const Ordinal,
    const Packet[],
    Packet[]
    )
    {
      TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(
        true,std::logic_error,
        "Error, the type "<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
        <<" does not support comparison operations!"
        );
    }
};


template<bool isComparable, typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Max {};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Max<true,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void max(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    )
    {
      for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        inoutBuffer[i] = TEUCHOS_MAX(inoutBuffer[i],inBuffer[i]);
    }
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Max<false,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void max(
    const Ordinal,
    const Packet[],
    Packet[]
    )
    {
      TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(
        true,std::logic_error,
        "Error, the type "<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
        <<" does not support comparison operations!"
        );
    }
};


template<bool isComparable, typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class AND {};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class AND<true,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void andOp(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    )
    {
      for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        inoutBuffer[i] = inoutBuffer[i] && inBuffer[i];
    }
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class AND<false,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void andOp(
    const Ordinal,
    const Packet[],
    Packet[]
    )
    {
      TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(
        true,std::logic_error,
        "Error, the type "<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
        <<" does not support logical AND operations!"
        );
    }
};


} // namespace MixMaxUtilities


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void SumValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
    inoutBuffer[i] += inBuffer[i];
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void MinValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  typedef ScalarTraits<Packet> ST;
  MixMaxUtilities::Min<ST::isComparable,Ordinal,Packet>::min(
    count,inBuffer,inoutBuffer
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void MaxValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  typedef ScalarTraits<Packet> ST;
  MixMaxUtilities::Max<ST::isComparable,Ordinal,Packet>::max(
    count,inBuffer,inoutBuffer
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void ANDValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  typedef ScalarTraits<Packet> ST;
  MixMaxUtilities::AND<ST::isComparable,Ordinal,Packet>::andOp(
    count,inBuffer,inoutBuffer
    );
}


} // namespace Teuchos


// //////////////////////////
// Template implemenations


//
// ReductionOp utilities
//


namespace Teuchos {


// Not for the general user to use! I am returning a raw ReducionOp* pointer
// to avoid the overhead of using RCP. However, given the use case
// this is just fine since I can just use std::auto_ptr to make sure things
// are deleted correctly.
template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>*
createOp( const EReductionType reductType )
{
  typedef ScalarTraits<Packet> ST;
  switch(reductType) {
    case REDUCE_SUM: {
      return new SumValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>();
      break;
    }
    case REDUCE_MIN: {
      TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(!ST::isComparable);
      return new MinValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>();
      break;
    }
    case REDUCE_MAX: {
      TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(!ST::isComparable);
      return new MaxValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>();
      break;
    }
    case REDUCE_AND: {
      return new ANDValueReductionOp<Ordinal, Packet>();
      break;
    }
    default:
      TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true);
  }
  return 0; // Will never be called!
}


} // namespace Teuchos


//
// Teuchos::Comm wrapper functions
//


template<typename Ordinal>
int Teuchos::rank(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  return comm.getRank();
}


template<typename Ordinal>
int Teuchos::size(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  return comm.getSize();
}


template<typename Ordinal>
void Teuchos::barrier(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: barrier<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()
    <<">()"
    );
  comm.barrier();
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, const Ordinal count, Packet buffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: broadcast<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charBuffer(count,buffer);
  comm.broadcast(
    rootRank,charBuffer.getBytes(),charBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank,
  const ArrayView<Packet> &buffer
  )
{
  broadcast<Ordinal, Packet>(comm, rootRank, buffer.size(), buffer.getRawPtr() );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, Packet *object
  )
{
  broadcast<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,rootRank,1,object);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, const Ptr<Packet> &object
  )
{
  broadcast<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,rootRank,1,object.getRawPtr());
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const buffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: broadcast<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( reference type )"
    );
  ReferenceTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charBuffer(serializer, count, buffer);
  comm.broadcast(
    rootRank,charBuffer.getBytes(),charBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const ArrayView<const Ptr<Packet> > &buffer
  )
{
  Array<Packet*> bufferPtrArray;
  for (int i = 0; i < buffer.size(); ++i) {
    bufferPtrArray.push_back(buffer[i].getRawPtr());
  }
  broadcast<Ordinal,Packet>(comm, serializer, rootRank,
    buffer.size(), bufferPtrArray.getRawPtr());
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: gatherAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(sendCount,sendBuffer);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charRecvBuffer(recvCount,recvBuffer);
  comm.gatherAll(
    charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charRecvBuffer.getBytes(),charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet*const sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet*const recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp
  ,const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, user-defined op )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charGlobalReducts(count,globalReducts);
  CharToValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
    charReductOp(rcp(&reductOp,false));
  comm.reduceAll(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charGlobalReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, "<<toString(reductType)<<" )"
    );
  std::auto_ptr<ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> >
    reductOp(createOp<Ordinal,Packet>(reductType));
  reduceAll(comm,*reductOp,count,sendBuffer,globalReducts);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType
  ,const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &globalReduct
  )
{
  reduceAll<Ordinal,Packet>(comm, reductType, 1, &send, &*globalReduct);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( reference type )"
    );
  ConstReferenceTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(serializer,count,sendBuffer);
  ReferenceTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charGlobalReducts(serializer,count,globalReducts);
  CharToReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
    charReductOp(rcp(&serializer,false),rcp(&reductOp,false));
  comm.reduceAll(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charGlobalReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAllAndScatter(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[] ,
  const Ordinal recvCounts[], Packet myGlobalReducts[]
  )
{

  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAllAndScatter<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, user-defined op )"
    );

  const Ordinal size = Teuchos::size(comm);
  const Ordinal rank = Teuchos::rank(comm);

#ifdef TEUCHOS_DEBUG
  Ordinal sumRecvCounts = 0;
  for( Ordinal i = 0; i < size; ++i )
    sumRecvCounts += recvCounts[static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(i)];
  TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(!(sumRecvCounts==sendCount));
#endif

  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(sendCount,sendBuffer);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charMyGlobalReducts(recvCounts[static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(rank)], myGlobalReducts);
  CharToValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
    charReductOp(rcp(&reductOp,false));

  const Ordinal
    packetSize = charSendBuffer.getBytes()/sendCount;

  WorkspaceStore* wss = get_default_workspace_store().get();
  Workspace<Ordinal> charRecvCounts(wss, size);
  for (Ordinal k = 0; k < size; ++k) {
    charRecvCounts[k] = as<Ordinal>(recvCounts[static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(k)] * packetSize);
  }
 
  comm.reduceAllAndScatter(
    charReductOp, charSendBuffer.getBytes(), charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer(),
    &charRecvCounts[0], charMyGlobalReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );

}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAllAndScatter(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[] ,
  const Ordinal recvCounts[], Packet myGlobalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAllAndScatter<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, "<<toString(reductType)<<" )"
    );
  std::auto_ptr<ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> >
    reductOp(createOp<Ordinal,Packet>(reductType));
  reduceAllAndScatter(
    comm, *reductOp, sendCount, sendBuffer, recvCounts, myGlobalReducts
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAllAndScatter(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet*const sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCounts[], Packet*const myGlobalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: scan<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, user-defined op )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charScanReducts(count,scanReducts);
  CharToValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
    charReductOp(rcp(&reductOp,false));
  comm.scan(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charScanReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: scan<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, "<<toString(reductType)<<" )"
    );
  std::auto_ptr<ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> >
    reductOp(createOp<Ordinal,Packet>(reductType));
  scan(comm,*reductOp,count,sendBuffer,scanReducts);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &scanReduct
  )
{
  scan<Ordinal,Packet>(comm, reductType, 1, &send, &*scanReduct);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: send<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer);
  comm.send(
    charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,destRank
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send, const int destRank
  )
{
  Teuchos::send<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,1,&send,destRank);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  )
{
  TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int Teuchos::receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet recvBuffer[] 
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: receive<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charRecvBuffer(count,recvBuffer);
  return comm.receive(
    sourceRank
    ,charRecvBuffer.getBytes(),charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int Teuchos::receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, Packet *recv 
  )
{
  return Teuchos::receive<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,sourceRank,1,recv);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int Teuchos::receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const recvBuffer[] 
  )
{
  TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: readySend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(sendBuffer.size(), sendBuffer.getRawPtr());
  comm.readySend( charSendBuffer.getCharBufferView(), destRank );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  readySend<Ordinal, Packet>( comm, arrayView(&send,1), destRank );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest>
Teuchos::isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: isend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(sendBuffer.size(), sendBuffer.getRawPtr());
  RCP<CommRequest> commRequest = comm.isend(
    charSendBuffer.getCharBufferView(), destRank );
  set_extra_data( sendBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg(commRequest) );
  return commRequest;
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest>
Teuchos::isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<const Packet> &send,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> sendBuffer =
    arcpWithEmbeddedObj( send.get(), 0, 1, send, false );
  // 2008/07/29: rabartl: Above: I need to write a helper function to create
  // new ArrayRCP object given a single object to copy.
  return isend<Ordinal, Packet>( comm, sendBuffer, destRank );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest>
Teuchos::ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
  const int sourceRank
  )
{
  typedef std::pair<RCP<CommRequest>, ArrayRCP<const Packet> > comm_buffer_pair_t;
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: ireceive<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charRecvBuffer(recvBuffer.size(), recvBuffer.getRawPtr());
  RCP<CommRequest> commRequest = comm.ireceive(
    charRecvBuffer.getCharBufferView(), sourceRank );
  set_extra_data( recvBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg(commRequest) );
  return commRequest;
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest>
Teuchos::ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<Packet> &recv,
  const int sourceRank
  )
{
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> recvBuffer =
    arcpWithEmbeddedObj( recv.get(), 0, 1, recv, false );
  // 2008/07/29: rabartl: Above: I need to write a helper function to create
  // new ArrayRCP object given a single object to copy.
  return ireceive<Ordinal, Packet>( comm, recvBuffer, sourceRank );
}


template<typename Ordinal>
void Teuchos::waitAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<RCP<CommRequest> > &requests
  )
{
  comm.waitAll(requests);
}


template<typename Ordinal>
void Teuchos::wait(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ptr<RCP<CommRequest> > &request
  )
{
  comm.wait(request);
  // NOTE: This will release the ArrayRCP to the buffer of data!
}


#endif // TEUCHOS_COMM_HELPERS_HPP